COMMUNICATIONS IN THE GALAXY While the hardware and processes have been thoroughly described, the basic concept of communications is more important than the preceding sections might imply. In a very real sense, the unceasing beat of life in the galaxy is dependent upon communications. Multiple levels of organization exist in the Milky Way, ranging from 10· cm to 10º km. Quarks and subatomic particles populate the lower end and lead to larger structures, through molecules, organic chemicals, and bioforms. At the higher end, atoms assemble into planets, solar systems, stellar clusters, and density waves in the galaxy. Each new level exhibits its own paradigm governing interactions, the exchange of energy and information. As sentient beings developed and progressed outward toward space, the exchange of information provided the necessary constant stimulus to learn more about the surrounding universe and to pursue the exploration of the galaxy. Contact among different cultures has led to real communications, in part facilitated by subspace transmission methods. While a small fraction of early contacts has resulted in hostilities, through misinterpretations of intentions or actual aggressive movement, most cultural compatibility problems have been solved through determined negotiations once common meeting grounds were found. In the view of many scholars, the entire Milky Way galaxy is experiencing a gradual acceleration in the rate of overall development because of continuing communications between sentient beings. The FederationÕs Prime Directive notwithstanding, a number of technological civilizations are Òcatching upÓ at various rates, leading to what some consider will be an inevitable single broad leading edge of exploration and scientific discovery. The exact direction this wave front will take will remain an unknown, just as the future has always remained unknown. Tantalizing glimmers, however, will still be seen and shared, helping us to deal with the unexpected while preserving the excitement and sense of accomplishment. Æ